22 10 00 Plumbing Piping and Pumps
This subdivision is primarily basic pipe and related materials. The pipe may be used by any of the mechanical disciplines, i.e., plumbing, fire protection, heating, and air conditioning.
• The piping section lists the add to labor for elevated pipe installation. These adds apply to all elevated pipe, fittings, valves, insulation, etc., that are placed above 10′ high. CAUTION: the correct percentage may vary for the same pipe. For example, the percentage add for the basic pipe installation should be based on the maximum height that the craftsman must install for that particular section. If the pipe is to be located 14′ above the floor but it is suspended on threaded rod from beams, the bottom flange of which is 18′ high (4′ rods), then the height is actually 18′ and the add is 20%. The pipe coverer, however, does not have to go above the 14′, and so his or her add should be 10%.
• Most pipe is priced first as straight pipe with a joint (coupling, weld, etc.) every 10′ and a hanger usually every 10′. There are exceptions with hanger spacing such as for cast iron pipe (5′) and plastic pipe (3 per 10′). Following each type of pipe there are several lines listing sizes and the amount to be subtracted to delete couplings and hangers. This is for pipe that is to be buried or supported together on trapeze hangers. The reason that the couplings are deleted is that these runs are usually long, and frequently longer lengths of pipe are used. By deleting the couplings, the estimator is expected to look up and add back the correct reduced number of couplings.
• When preparing an estimate it may be necessary to approximate the fittings. Fittings usually run between 25% and 50% of the cost of the pipe. The lower percentage is for simpler runs, and the higher number is for complex areas such as mechanical rooms.
• For historic restoration projects, the systems must be as invisible as possible, and pathways must be sought for pipes, conduit, and ductwork. While installations in accessible spaces (such as basements and attics) are relatively straightforward to estimate, labor costs may be more difficult to determine when delivery systems must be
concealed.
22 40 00 Plumbing Fixtures
• Plumbing fixture costs usually require two lines: the fixture itself and its ‘‘rough-in, supply and waste.’’
• In the Assemblies Section (Plumbing D2010) for the desired fixture, the System Components Group at the center of the page shows the fixture on the first line. The rest of the list (fittings, pipe, tubing, etc.) will total up to what we refer to in the Unit Price section as “Rough-in, supply, waste and vent.” Note that for most fixtures we allow a nominal 5′ of tubing to reach from the fixture to a main or riser.
• Remember that gas- and oil-fired units need venting.
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